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As part of a major research project, the Institute of Hungarian Research analyzed more than 400 genomes from the ossuary in Székesfehérvár (central Hungary) and identified three new male-line branches of the Árpád dynasty, thereby unequivocally identifying the remains of King Béla II (the Blind).
Research conducted by the Archaeogenetics Research Group (Department of Genetics, University of Szeged) and the Research Center for Archaeogenetics (Institute of Hungarian Research) at the University of Szeged identified three new individuals who carry the male-line Árpád dynasty (R-ARP) genetic lineage — as confirmed in a statement released Sunday by the institute and sent to MTI.
Based on previous research, science has so far identified four individuals carrying R-ARP: Béla III, Saint Ladislaus, one individual from the Árpád era (HU52), and one living individual whose identity is unknown. With this discovery, there are now seven known individuals carrying R-ARP.
During the analyses, various methods were used to examine degrees of kinship and genetic relationships. This approach allows for a more precise examination of both “intrafamilial” and “dynastically distant” relationships. Based on these findings, one of the newly identified individuals is King Béla II (the Blind) (1131–1141) of Hungary. The second individual is a second-degree relative of Saint Ladislaus, likely his paternal great-uncle, while the third individual is connected to the Árpád line through the paternal branch, presumably via a more distant but consciously adopted dynastic relationship.
The male line of the Árpád dynasty (R-ARP) belongs to the R1a-Z93 haplogroup, which refers to the totality of genetic groups descended from a single common ancestor. This means it can be traced back to the Eurasian steppe peoples of the Bronze and Iron Ages, and its genetic parallels can be found in the steppe zone stretching from the Southern Urals to the Caucasus. During the research, the researchers also identified additional mutations specific to this branch, which allow for a more precise examination of the origins of R-ARP.
Previous analyses have already revealed the genetic connections of the Árpád dynasty rulers to members of the conquering Hungarian elite, as well as to several medieval Hungarian noble families, such as the Ábás, the Corvins, and the Báthorys. This is consistent with known historical connections, suggesting that the Hungarian medieval nobility may have formed a tighter “network” through dynastic marriages. The results also highlighted that while early members of the Árpád dynasty had a stronger eastern genetic component, later kings fit predominantly into the European genetic landscape.
The study confirms the genetic identification of Prince Béla of Macsó and verifies his Rurikid ancestry. His Y-chromosome haplogroup matches the branch characteristic of the Rurik dynasty.
Genetic analysis of fetal remains excavated near the tomb of King Béla III did not confirm a close kinship with the individuals analyzed in this study. At the same time, the analyses revealed more distant genetic kinship with several members of the Árpád dynasty, as well as with one examined member of the Aba clan. Based on the available archaeological, historical, and genetic information, the exact identity of the deceased cannot be determined at this time.
Another interesting finding is that the genetic results also revealed a detectable kinship between Béla II, Béla III, and HU52 and individuals from the northern Viking era. The explanation for this can be found in the dynastic marriages of the Kievan Rus’.
The new research findings represent both a scientific breakthrough and a step forward of symbolic significance. They contribute to a more accurate understanding of the history of the Árpád dynasty, the scientific exploration of the Hungarian people’s network of connections in the East, and the complex reconstruction of the genetic and historical connections of the medieval Hungarian elite.
The long-term goal of the research is to provide a scientific basis for the dignified reburial of the identified Hungarian kings and nobles at a national memorial site to be established next to the former coronation basilica in Székesfehérvár.
Via MTI; Featured image: Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
The post Genetic Research Identifies Another Hungarian King in Székesfehérvár appeared first on Hungary Today.
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